Under normal circumstances, the dimensional accuracy of precision castings is affected by many factors such as casting structure, casting material, mold making, shell making, baking, pouring, etc. Any setting or unreasonable operation of any link will change the shrinkage rate of the casting. This leads to deviations in the dimensional accuracy of the castings from the requirements. The following are the factors that can cause defects in the dimensional accuracy of precision castings:

1. The influence of casting structure:

a. The casting wall is thick and the shrinkage rate is large, and the casting wall is thin and the shrinkage rate is small.

b. The free shrinkage rate of dewaxing casting is large, and the hindering shrinkage rate is small.

2. The influence of casting material:

a. The higher the carbon content in the material, the smaller the linear shrinkage rate, and the lower the carbon content, the greater the linear shrinkage rate.

b. The casting shrinkage rate of common materials is as follows: casting shrinkage rate K=(LM-LJ)/LJ×100%, LM is the cavity size, LJ is the casting size. K is affected by the following factors: wax mold K1, casting structure K2, alloy type K3, pouring temperature K4.

3. The influence of Guangdong alloy steel casting mold on the linear shrinkage rate of castings:

a. The wax injection temperature, wax injection pressure, and pressure holding time have the most obvious influence on the investment size. The wax injection temperature is the most obvious, followed by the wax injection pressure. The pressure holding time has little effect on the final size of the investment after the investment is formed. .

b. The linear shrinkage rate of wax (mold) material is about 0.9-1.1%.

c. When the investment mold is stored, there will be further shrinkage, and its shrinkage value is about 10% of the total shrinkage, but when stored for 12 hours, the investment mold size is basically stable.

d. The radial shrinkage rate of the wax mold is only 30-40% of the lengthwise shrinkage rate. The wax injection temperature has a much greater influence on the free shrinkage rate than the hindered shrinkage rate (the best wax injection temperature is 57-59℃, The higher the temperature, the greater the shrinkage).

4. The influence of shell-making materials: zircon sand, zircon powder, Shangdian sand, and Shangdian powder are used. Because of their small expansion coefficient, only 4.6×10-6/℃, they can be ignored.

5. The effect of shell baking: Because the expansion coefficient of the shell is small, when the temperature of the shell is 1150℃, it is only 0.053%, so it can be ignored.

6. The influence of casting temperature: the higher the casting temperature, the greater the shrinkage rate, the lower the casting temperature, and the smaller the shrinkage rate. Therefore, the casting temperature should be appropriate when casting carbon steel in Guangdong.