Precision castingThe first problem is that the level of craftsmanship is low and the quality of precision casting products is poor. Second, the segregation and inclusion defects of large castings are more serious. After the solidification of large steel castings and large ingots, macrosegregation and coarse grains appear at the root of the riser and the thick section of the casting. Third, the application of simulation software is not popular. Casting process simulation is an indispensable link in the production of castings.
In foreign countries, without computer simulation technology, it is impossible to obtain orders. The computer simulation of my country's foundry industry started early, and the core computing part of the development capability is strong, but the overall software packaging capability is poor. The development of mature commercial software is far behind the developed countries. Quite a lot of foundry companies are disappointed in computer simulation technology and lack trust. At present, this situation has improved, but few companies that have purchased casting simulation software can play its role, so there is an urgent need to train employees in software applications. The production capacity of ordinary castings is surplus, and the production of high-precision castings is difficult. Core technologies and key products still need to be imported. Precision casting castings with large machining allowances. Due to the lack of scientific design guidance, it is difficult for technical designers to control the deformation problem based on experience. The machining allowance of casting is generally 1 to 3 times larger than that of foreign countries. Due to large machining allowances, high energy consumption of castings, large consumption of raw materials, long processing cycles, and low production efficiency, they have become a bottleneck restricting industrial development. The design of the gating system is unreasonable; due to improper design, defects such as entrainment and inclusions are caused, resulting in a low product yield and qualification rate.
The environmental pollution is serious and the working environment is bad. Most of the foundries in our country have outdated production equipment and outdated technology. Generally speaking, environmental protection is rarely considered. Only a few large enterprises such as FAW, Second Automobile, Daqi, Shenyang Liming and other large enterprises have sophisticated production equipment and precision casting The technology is advanced, and environmental protection measures are basically in place. In the 1980s, the government implemented specialized transformation of small-scale, low-tech, and heavily polluting enterprises, which increased the degree of intensification of enterprises, but the extensive characteristics of casting production did not fundamentally change. The environmental problems of the foundry industry are also manifested in aspects such as excessive resource consumption.

Energy consumption and raw material consumption account for 25%-30% of the total energy consumption of my country's precision casting industry, which is about 17% of the average energy utilization rate of the precision casting industry, and about twice that of developed countries. The energy consumption of each ton of qualified iron castings produced in my country is 550-700kg standard coal, and the energy consumption of each ton of qualified iron castings in my country is 300-400kg standard coal. According to statistics, the input of materials and energy in the production process of castings accounts for about 55%-70% of the output value. In China, the gross weight of castings is 10%-20% higher than that of foreign parts. The process output of foreign castings averages 55%, and the output of foreign castings reaches 70%. The main components in the production of castings are pig iron, scrap steel, coke, limestone, molding sand and core sand. Transportation, sand mixing, molding, core making, baking, melting, pouring, cooling, sanding, cleaning and post-processing of binders, curing agents, old sand, etc., such as raw sand, clay, coal powder, resin, etc., In terms of the content of their operations, some have also undergone mechanical vibration and noise treatment, some have also undergone high-temperature melting and pouring treatment, and some have produced pungent odors, and the dust working environment is even worse. The above situation illustrates the seriousness of environmental problems in my country's precision casting industry. The use of high technology to achieve green casting is a key issue that needs to be resolved urgently.